Investigating into physical properties of PVC doped with non-stoichiometric nano-ZnS<inf>1−x</inf>Mn<inf>x</inf> for optical devices development

Abstract

Undoped and doped polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with non-stoichiometric nano ZnS1−xMnx nanoparticles were fabricated. Using the X-ray diffraction method, the various phases formed in ZnS1−xMnx as the amount of Mn increased were identified. Rietveld refinement analysis was used to investigate how low sulfur and high manganese (Mn) content affected the nanofillers' crystallite size and lattice parameters. Using XRD and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) methods, the presence of the nanofiller over the PVC matrix was examined. Measured diffused reflectance data were used to investigate how the presence of Mn in the nanofiller affected the linear and nonlinear optical parameters of PVC. When the nanofiller contained 10%Mn filled the polymer, the direct (Edir) and indirect (Eind) optical band gap energies were reduced from 5.59 and (5.3, 4.5) to minimum values of (5.17, 3.54) and (4.33, 3) eV, respectively. The fluorescence emissions for PVC/ZnS1-xMnx composites measured under different excitation wavelengths were inspected. The frequency-dependent changes in dielectric constant, AC electrical conductivity (σac) and electrical modulus for undoped and doped PVC polymers with ZnS1-xMnx at room temperature was also explored.